Bibliography of over 1300 studies based upon Johns Hopkins Autopsies. 1. Osler W. Aortic Insufficiency. Johns Hopkins Med Bull .....
Autopsy Archive Procedure Manual.
Anatomic Pathology Procedure Manual.
Anatomic Pathology Natural Language Processing.
Modal Logic Theory for Pathology Inference.
Spreadsheet Order Logic for Pathology Inference.
Infinite Papillomas: Model for Unbounded Tumor Growth.

The Johns Hopkins
Autopsy Resource
(JHAR)
http://www.netautopsy.org

G. William Moore, M.D., Ph.D,
Jules J. Berman, Ph.D., M.D.,
Grover M. Hutchins, M.D.
Robert E. Miller, M.D.
Source of over 50,000 autopsy summaries.
From the Department of Pathology
of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.

First Internet version, November 1995.
First Revised version, April 1996.
Second Revised version, July 1996.
Third Revised version, April 1999.
Fourth Revised version, September 1999.
The JHAR is Public Domain.

Sponsored by The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
Department of Pathology

Query the JHAR


NOTICE: Access to individual autopsy files is no longer available. A bibliography of over 1300 publications based upon JHAR Autopsies is posted.

Eposters: Advancing Practice, Instruction, and Innovation through Informatics (APIII'2005).



Infinite Papilloma/Acanthoma: Infinite Product Model for Unbounded Surface Tumor Growth.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD, Raimond A. Struble, PhD, Lawrence A. Brown, MD, Grace F. Kao, MD, MD, Grover M. Hutchins, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006;130:.

Eposters: Advancing Practice, Instruction, and Innovation through Informatics (APIII'2004).



Spreadsheet Order-logic for Anatomic Pathology.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD [1,3,4]. Lawrence A. Brown, MD [1,3]. Robert H. Burger, MD, MPA [1,2]. Grace F. Kao, MD [1,5]. Grover M. Hutchins, MD [4]. Robert E. Miller, MD [4].
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005;129:.

Eposters: Advancing Practice, Instruction, and Innovation through Informatics (APIII'2003).



Modal Logic Theory for Pathology Inference.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD, Lawrence A. Brown, MD, Robert H. Burger, MD, MPA, Grover M. Hutchins, MD, Robert E. Miller, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004;128:.

Eposters: Advancing Pathology Informatics, Imaging, Internet (APIII'2001).



Gödelization of a Pathology Database: Re-identification by Inference.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD Lawrence A. Brown, MD, Robert E. Miller, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126:.

Goethe University Autopsy Register: Anonymized Bilingual Database.
W. Giere, MD. G. William Moore, MD, PhD Grover M. Hutchins, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126:.

Eposters: Advancing Pathology Informatics, Imaging, Internet (APIII'2000).



Set Theory Definition and Algorithm for Medical De-Identification.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD Lawrence A. Brown, MD, Robert E. Miller, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125:.

Web-based Free-Text Query System for Surgical Pathology Reports with Automatic Case De-Identification.
Robert E. Miller, MD, John K. Boitnott, MD, G. William Moore, MD, PhD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125:.

UMLS Concordance for Human Embryology.
Gladys L. G. Alonsozana, MD, G. William Moore, MD, PhD, Grover M. Hutchins, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125:.

UMLS Concordance for a Comprehensive Pathology Text.
John H. Sinard, MD, PhD, G. William Moore, MD, PhD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125:.

Linguistic Inventory of the Johns Hopkins Surgical Pathology Database.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD, Robert E. Miller, MD.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125:.

Platform Presentations. Advancing Pathology Informatics, Imaging, Internet (APIII'2000).



UMLS Concordance for Pathology Text.
John H. Sinard, MD, PhD, Gladys L. G. Alonsozana, MD, Grover M. Hutchins, MD. G. William Moore, MD, PhD.

Free-Text Query System for Surgical Pathology Reports with Automatic Case De-Identification.
Robert E. Miller, MD, John K. Boitnott, MD, Lawrence A. Brown, MD, G. William Moore, MD, PhD.

Eposters: Advancing Pathology Informatics, Imaging, Internet (APIII'1999).



Automatic Indexing of a Pathology Image Archive using UMLS.
G. William Moore, M.D., Ph.D., David S. Brenner, M.D., Jules J. Berman, Ph.D., M.D.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000;124:809.

Dermatopathology False Negative Terms in UMLS.
Grace F. Kao, M.D., G. William Moore, M.D, Ph.D.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000 Jun;124:809.

Japanese Language Annotation of an Internet Pathology Image Archive.
Daisuke Nonaka, M.D, G. William Moore, M.D., Ph.D., Yoichi Satomura, M.D
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000 Jun;124:820.

Turkish Language Annotation of an Internet Pathology Image Archive.
G. William Moore, MD, PhD., Enver Vardar, MD. Yener S. Erozan, M.D., Fatih Durmusoglu, M.D.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000 Jun;124:820.

INTERNET LINKS.



  1. Internet-Based Quality Improvement Documentation at the VAMHCS.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  2. U. S. Department of Health & Human Services: Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  3. Translations of medical vocabulary into foreign languages.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  4. Free computer translation of short texts.

  5. U. S. Natl Library Medicine Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  6. U. S. Natl Library Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  7. U. S. Natl Library Medicine UMLS Knowledge Sources.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  8. U. S. Natl Cancer Institute Human Tissue Archive.
    Prospective procurement of human tissues for research.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  9. U. S. Natl Cancer Institute Breast Cancer Tissue Resource.
    Prospective procurement of human breast tissue for research.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  10. U. S. Natl Cancer Institute Human Tissue Resource.
    Prospective procurement of human tissue for research.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  11. Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine (SNOMED).
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  12. College of American Pathologists (CAP).
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  13. Bibliography of Studies on Staged Human Embryos.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  14. Bibliography of Studies on JHAR Autopsies.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  15. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-CA-01-006.html The objective of this initiative for a SHARED PATHOLOGY INFORMATICS NETWORK is to create a model Web-based system to access data related to archived human specimens at multiple institutions.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  16. Vanderbilt, Hopkins, Pittsburgh Shared Pathology Informatics Network: Appendix Six: Demographic and Linguistic Inventory of the Johns Hopkins Surgical Pathology Database.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  17. Student Lecture on Computer Privacy of Individually Identifiable Medical Information. Presented: December 6, 2000, Baltimore City College High School, Baltimore, MD.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  18. SNOMED is the Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine, and consists of over 280,000 medical terms. For further information related to SNOMED, please visit the College of American Pathologists website. .
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  19. Moore GW, Berman JJ.
    Anatomic pathology data mining. Chapter 4. In: Cios KJ. Medical Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. Published, December 4, 2000, within the series: "Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing", Physica-Verlag Heidelberg, a Springer-Verlag Company. 2001. XVIII, 502 pp. 98 figs., 98 tabs. Hardcover. ISBN: 3-7908-1340-0.
    Copyright Springer-Verlag: Berlin/Heidelberg 1999.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  20. Prof. R. L. Rivest's cryptography and security page.
    http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~rivest/crypto-security.html
    Prof. Rivest is the R in the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adelman) public-private cryptography algorithm, one of the intellectual masterpieces of this century.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  21. USNLM Publications on Ethical Issues in Research involving Human Subjects, including autopsy research.
    http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/cbm/hum_exp.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  22. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information.
    http://aspe.hhs.gov/admnsimp/
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  23. U. S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, including Federal Register.
    http://www.gpoaccess.gov
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  24. National Cancer Institute's Confidentiality Brochure, at URL:
    http://www-cdp.ims.nci.nih.gov/policy.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  25. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.
    http://www.jcaho.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  26. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS).
    http://www.nccls.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  27. College of American Pathologists.
    http://www.cap.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  28. United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology.
    http://www.uscap.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  29. The Johns Hopkins Autopsy Resource.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  30. Description of the Veterans Affairs VistA computer system.
    http://www.hardhats.org/
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  31. How to obtain a nominal-cost CD of the non-confidential parts of the Veterans Affairs VistA computer system, through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).
    http://www.hardhats.org/foia.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  32. Autopsy Reports: Vocabulary Listing.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/jharaurw.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  33. Advancing Practice, Instruction, and Innovation through Informatics.
    http://apiii.upmc.edu
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  34. Association for Pathology Informatics.
    http://www.pathologyinformatics.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  35. Laboratory Digital Imaging Project. Association for Pathology Informatics.
    http://www.ldip.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  36. Dr. Ed Friedlander's Introduction to the Autopsy.
    http://www.pathguy.com/autopsy.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  37. Dr. G. William Moore's Pathology Informatics Bookshelf.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/jharbksf.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  38. Dr. Shawn E. Cowper's Pathology Education Websites.
    http://www.pathmax.com/
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  39. University of Rochester Pathology Resources.
    http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/smd/pathres/long.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  40. Tulane University Autopsy Pathology Images.
    http://www.som.tulane.edu/classware/pathology/medical_pathology/McPath
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  41. Internet Pathology Laboratory for Medical Education.
    http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  42. PubMed Stop Words (U. S. National Library of Medicine):
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/static/help/pmhelp.html#Stopwords
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  43. PubMed Help (U. S. National Library of Medicine):
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/static/help/pmhelp.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  44. PubMed Stop Words: Local Copy.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/umlsstop.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  45. Synonyms for UMLS Concept Unique Identifiers:
    http://www.netautopsy.org/umlspsdo.htm
    Site last tested: 5/6/2006.

  46. German Language Stop Words.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/deutbarr.htm
    Site last tested: 5/6/2006.

  47. German Language Collocations (Frankfurt Autopsy Resource).
    http://www.netautopsy.org/deutcoll.htm
    Site last tested: 5/6/2006.

  48. General Information about Pathology and Autopsies.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/neta0405.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  49. Thoughts about Pathology as a Career.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/billgrow.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  50. Dr. G. William Moore's Speculations about Mathematics.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/jharempr.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  51. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to the Internet.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatnett.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  52. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to Calculus.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatcalc.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  53. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to Medical Differential Diagnosis.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatdfdx.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  54. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to Artificial Intelligence.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatisai.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  55. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to Medical Ontologies.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatonto.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  56. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to Cryptography.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatcryp.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  57. Dr. G. William Moore's Introduction to Pathology Informatics.
    http://www.netautopsy.org/whatpinf.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  58. Practice Guidelines for Autopsy Pathology
    Hutchins GM, Berman JJ, Moore GW, Hanzlick R, and the Autopsy Committee of the College of American Pathologists.
    Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 1999; 123:1085-1092.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  59. Moore GW, Berman JJ, Sydnor DL.
    Fractal dimension for pathology images, a repeatable and quantitative measurement of nuclear rim irregularity.
    Am J Clin Pathol 102:538, 1994.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  60. Moore GW, Berman JJ, Moore GW, Brown LA.
    Software for image segmentation and analysis in pathology (ISAP): public domain image software and source code developed at the Baltimore VA Medical Center.
    Am J Clin Pathol 102:538-539, 1994.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  61. Moore GW, Berman JJ, Sydnor DL.
    Automated edge detection in image analysis: distinguishing the nucleus from the cytoplasm without a user's threshold estimate.
    Am J Clin Pathol 102:539, 1994.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  62. University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, Department of Pathology.
    http://www.smbs.buffalo.edu/path/techniques.htm
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  63. University of Arizona, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy.
    http://www.cba.arizona.edu/histo/stains.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  64. University of Florida, Department of Dental Histology.
    http://medinfo.ufl.edu/~dental/denhisto/stains.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  65. Florida State University, College of Medicine.
    http://medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html
    Click on Anatomy-Histology. Click on Histology Procedure Manual.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.


  66. University of Nottingham, Pathology Laboratory, Nottingham, UK.
    http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pathology/default.html
    This is a fabulous website for histology staining protocols.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  67. University of Florida, Department of Animal Science.
    http://www.animal.ufl.edu/hansen/protocols.shtml
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  68. National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute.
    http://mammary.nih.gov/tools/histological/Histology/index.html
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  69. University Bristol, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Bristol, UK.
    http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/PathAndMicro/CPL/
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  70. Moore GW, Miller RE, and Hutchins GM.
    Indexing by MeSH titles of natural language pathology phrases identified on first encounter using the barrier word method.
    Lab Invest 58: 110A, 1988.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  71. Moore GW, Miller RE, Hutchins GM.
    Indexing by MeSH titles of natural language pathology phrases identified on first encounter using the barrier word method.
    In, Scherrer JR, Côté RA, and Mandil SH, eds., Computerized Natural Medical Language Processing for Knowledge Representation. North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1989.

  72. Tersmette KWF, Scott AF, Moore GW, Matheson NW, Miller RE.
    Barrier word method for detecting molecular biology multiple word terms.
    Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care. 1988;12:207-211. Washington DC, November 6-9, 1988.

  73. American College of Surgeons.
    http://www.facs.org
    In order to be certified by the American College of Surgeons as a Cancer Center, the pathology department must sign out all large cancer resections according to CAP/AJCC/UICC standard protocols.
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  74. American Joint Committee on Cancer.
    http://www.cancerstaging.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

  75. International Union Against Cancer. (Unio Internationalis Contra Cancrum = UICC).
    http://www.uicc.org
    Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

JHAR Scientific Directors


G. William Moore, MD, PhD
Jules J. Berman, PhD, MD
Grover M. Hutchins, MD
Robert E. Miller, MD.

PRIVACY AND CRYPTOGRAPY REFERENCES.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information.
Fed Regist. 1999 Nov 3;64(212):59917-59966. http://aspe.hhs.gov/admnsimp/
Site last tested: 5/5/2006.

Protection of human subjects: categories of research that may be reviewed by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) through an expedited review procedure--FDA. Notice.
Fed Regist. 1998 Nov 9;63(216 Pt 1):60353-60356.
PMID: 10187395; UI: 99080910.

       4. Berman JJ, Moore GW, Hutchins GM.
Maintaining patient confidentiality in the public domain Internet Autopsy Database (IAD).
Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp. 1996;:328-332.
PMID: 8947682; UI: 97103310.

       5. Berman JJ, Moore GW, Hutchins GM.
U. S. Senate Bill 422. The Genetic Confidentiality and Nondiscrimination Act of 1997.
Diagn Mol Pathol. 1998 Aug;7(4):192-196.
PMID: 9917128; UI: 99114200.

       6. Sweeney L.
Computational Disclosure Control: A Primer on Data Privacy Protection.
PhD Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Spring, 2001. Draft.
Summary of several current systems for computational disclosure control, used in the USA and in the European Community.

       7. Sweeney L.
Three computational systems for disclosing medical data in the year 1999.
Medinfo. 1998;9 Pt 2:1124-1129.
PMID: 10384634; UI: 99312628.

       8. Sweeney L.
Privacy and medical-records research.
N Engl J Med. 1998 Apr 9;338(15):1077; discussion 1077-1078.
PMID: 9537887; UI: 98181820.

       9. Sweeney L.
Guaranteeing anonymity when sharing medical data, the Datafly System.
Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp. 1997;:51-55.
PMID: 9357587; UI: 98020458.

       10. Sweeney L.
Replacing personally-identifying information in medical records, the Scrub system.
Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp. 1996;:333-337.
PMID: 8947683; UI: 97103311.

       11. Moore GW, Berman JJ, Hanzlick RL, Buchino JJ, Hutchins GM.
A prototype internet autopsy database: 1625 consecutive fetal and neonatal autopsy facesheets spanning twenty years.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1996; 120:782-785.

       12. Berman JJ, Moore GW, Hutchins GM.
Internet Autopsy Database.
Human Pathol. 1997; 28:393-394.

       13. Carter JR, Nash NP, Cechner RL, Platt RD.
Proposal for a national autopsy data bank. A potential major contribution of pathologists to the health care of the nation.
Am J Clin Pathol. 76 (Suppl): 597-617, 1981.

       14. Peery TM.
The autopsy data bank. A proposal for pathologists to contribute to the health care of the nation.
Am J Clin Pathol 69 (Suppl): 258-259, 1978.

       15. Wagner BM.
The future of environmental and toxicologic pathology.
Human Pathol. 27:1003-1004, 1996.

       16. Mullick F.
The Center for Environmental Pathology and Toxicology at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
Human Pathology 52: 752-753, 1997.

       18. U. S. Government Documents: http://thomas.loc.gov

       19. National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC).
http://bioethics.gov/general.html
Executive Order 12975, October 3, 1995.
Federal Register: October 5, 1995. v. 60.; no. 193. pp. 52063-52065

       20. National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC), Recommendations to the Common Rule:
http://bioethics.gov/pubs.html

       21. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Unified Medical Language System.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/

       22. Schneier B.
Applied Cryptography, Second Edition. Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

       23. Moore GW, Brown LA, Miller RE.
Set Theory Definition and Algorithm for Medical De-Identification.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;:in press.

       24. The University of Mississippi has published its Multiple Project Assurance Document at URL:
http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/research/irb/assurance.htm

       25. National Cancer Institute's Confidentiality Brochure, at URL:
http://www-cdp.ims.nci.nih.gov/policy.html

       26. Office of Human Research Protections (OHRP), within OPHS, DHHS (formerly, Office for Protection from Research Risks (OPRR)), at URL:
http://ohrp.osophs.dhhs.gov

DEMOGRAPHICS DISTRIBUTION.
AGE IN DECADES vs. DECADE OF AUTOPSY.
SECURITY AGAINST PATIENT RE-IDENTIFICATION.
AGE 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
0-9 267 339 1334 2731 2237 2171 2424 2040 1234 1100 801
10-19 83 137 128 238 272 245 175 199 174 112 55
20-29 200 282 238 335 404 336 207 178 167 217 79
30-39 225 280 289 419 566 474 478 351 228 302 201
40-49 266 305 305 480 630 650 858 772 484 341 282
50-59 226 261 253 420 642 653 1138 1127 867 515 248
60-69 114 153 157 336 450 581 1095 1342 999 712 337
70-79 55 55 68 152 222 263 743 1008 698 547 287
>80 14 16 9 23 51 59 261 483 273 239 192


      DISCUSSION: A patient is potentially identifiable by demographics alone if there is one and only one patient within a single demographic category.

      The number of cases in each demographic category (age in decades vs. decade of autopsy) is shown above. This table demonstrates that, for the most part, no single demographic category contains a unique element. Thus in general, demographic information alone on JHAR cases does not suffice to uniquely identify the patient.

      The demographic categories most vulnerable to re-identification are octogenarians from the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century, when relatively few patients lived to that age. The single patient identifiable by demographics alone is an octagenarian female from the 1910 decade (see next panel). Patients deceased for over fifty years are least likely to have significant confidentiality issues, but may possibly contribute to significant research perspectives.

      It is the intention of the emerging U. S. Federal privacy guidelines to encourage epidemiologic research, even if there are possible privacy issues for long-deceased patients.

DEMOGRAPHICS DISTRIBUTION.
SEX / AGE IN DECADES vs. DECADE OF AUTOPSY.
SECURITY AGAINST PATIENT RE-IDENTIFICATION.
AGE 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
0-9M 194 189 740 1525 1257 1198 1309 1117 681 583 273
0-9F 73 150 594 1206 980 973 1115 923 553 517 528
10-19M 33 70 63 111 116 135 91 114 92 73 29
10-19F 50 67 65 127 156 110 84 85 82 39 26
20-29M 123 168 147 176 186 166 75 87 91 118 38
20-29F 77 114 91 159 218 170 132 91 76 99 41
30-39M 130 179 157 218 291 237 207 164 125 153 96
30-39F 95 101 132 201 275 237 271 187 103 149 105
40-49M 163 212 212 305 362 380 466 396 293 192 163
40-49F 103 93 93 175 268 270 392 376 191 149 119
50-59M 150 200 191 292 428 390 673 655 486 281 168
50-59F 76 61 62 128 214 263 465 472 381 234 80
60-69M 80 118 126 253 310 405 676 812 579 432 233
60-69F 34 35 31 83 140 176 419 530 420 280 104
70-79M 41 45 58 132 162 176 435 551 377 323 220
70-79F 14 10 10 20 60 87 308 457 321 224 67
>80M 8 12 8 19 37 34 143 242 126 119 154
>80F 6 4 1 4 14 25 118 241 147 120 38

With a single exception, namely the single >80F born in the 1910-1919 decade, the demographics in the JHAR satisfy Sweeney's definition of k-ANONYMOUS, for k=4, as described in:
Sweeney L.
Computational Disclosure Control. A Primer on Data Privacy Protection.
MIT. PhD Thesis, Spring 2001. Draft.


For additional information, send queries to the JHAR administrator, at URL: George.Moore4@va.gov .


Last Updated: 5/13/2006, G. William Moore, MD, PhD.